59.060.30 (Mineral and metal fibres) 标准查询与下载

ASTM D375/D375M-95(2009)e1 石棉粗砂的标准规范

1.1 This specification covers asbestos roving having a minimum of 75 mass % asbestos fiber, excluding the mass of other inorganic reinforcing strands which may be present. 1.2 The values stated in either SI units or inch-pound units are to be regarded separately as standard. The values stated in each system may not be exact equivalents; therefore, each system shall be used independently of the other. Combining values from the two systems may result in non-conformance with the standard. 1.3 Warning—Breathing of asbestos dust is hazardous. Asbestos and asbestos products present demonstrated health risks for users and for those with whom they come into contact. In addition to other precautions, when working with asbestos-cement products, minimize the dust that results. For information on the safe use of chrysoltile asbestos, refer to “Safe Use of Chrysotile Asbestos: A Manual on Preventive and Control Measures.” 1.4 The following safety hazards caveat pertains only to the test methods, Section 13, described in this specification: This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use. For specific safety hazard warning, see 1.3.

Standard Specification for Asbestos Roving

ASTM D1061/D1061M-95(2009)e1 石棉卷的标准规范

1.1 This specification covers asbestos lap, a felted asbestos product, having a minimum of 75 mass % of asbestos fiber. 1.2 The values stated in either SI units or inch-pound units are to be regarded separately as standard. The values stated in each system may not be exact equivalents; therefore, each system shall be used independently of the other. Combining values from the two systems may result in non-conformance with the standard. 1.3 Warning—Breathing of asbestos dust is hazardous. Asbestos and asbestos products present demonstrated health risks for users and for those with whom they come into contact. In addition to other precautions, when working with asbestos-cement products, minimize the dust that results. For information on the safe use of chrysoltile asbestos, refer to “Safe Use of Chrysotile Asbestos: A Manual on Preventive and Control Measures.” 1.4 The following safety hazards caveat pertains only to the test methods, Section 12, described in this specification: This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use. For specific safety hazard, see 1.3.

Standard Specification for Asbestos Lap

ASTM D1118/D1118M-95(2009)e1 石棉纤维和石棉织物磁参数的标准试验方法

This test method for the determination of magnetic rating is considered satisfactory for acceptance testing of commercial shipments of asbestos fibers, papers, felts, yarns, rovings, textile products, rigid sheet products, and granular or powdered products. Magnetic rating is one of the measurements used for determining the suitability of an asbestos material for electrical insulation. The electrical insulating properties of asbestos materials vary inversely with the magnetic rating. Therefore, a low magnetic iron content is required for good electrical insulating. The types of asbestos textiles classified by magnetic rating are described in Specification D2100. 1.1 This test method covers the procedure for the determination of the magnetic rating of asbestos fiber and asbestos textile products. This test method is used primarily for testing asbestos insulating materials. 1.2 The values stated in either SI units or inch-pound units are to be regarded separately as standard. The values stated in each system may not be exact equivalents; therefore, each system shall be used independently of the other. Combining values from the two systems may result in non-conformance with the standard. 1.3 Warning—Breathing of asbestos dust is hazardous. Asbestos and asbestos products present demonstrated health risks for users and for those with whom they come into contact. In addition to other precautions, when working with asbestos-cement products, minimize the dust that results. For information on the safe use of chrysoltile asbestos, refer to “Safe Use of Chrysotile Asbestos: A Manual on Preventive and Control Measures.” 1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use. For specific safety hazard, see 1.3.

Standard Test Method for Magnetic Rating of Asbestos Fiber and Asbestos Textiles

ASTM D1571/D1571M-95(2009)e1 机织石棉布的标准规范机织

1.1 This specification covers woven asbestos cloth having a minimum of 75 % asbestos fiber by weight, excluding the mass of other inorganic reinforcing strands which may be present. 1.2 The values stated in either SI units or inch-pound units are to be regarded separately as standard. The values stated in each system may not be exact equivalents; therefore, each system shall be used independently of the other. Combining values from the two systems may result in non-conformance with the standard. 1.3 Warning—Breathing of asbestos dust is hazardous. Asbestos and asbestos products present demonstrated health risks for users and for those with whom they come into contact. In addition to other precautions, when working with asbestos-cement products, minimize the dust that results. For information on the safe use of chrysoltile asbestos, refer to “Safe Use of Chrysotile Asbestos: A Manual on Preventive and Control Measures.” 1.4 The following safety caveat pertains only to the test methods portion, Section 13, described in this specification: This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use. For specific safety hazard, see 1.3.

Standard Specification for Woven Asbestos Cloth

ASTM D1918/D1918M-95(2009)e1 石棉织物石棉含量的标准试验方法

The asbestos content of asbestos textile materials is of major significance, since the percentage of asbestos present defines the grade of the textile and the approximate serviceability temperature for such materials. This test method is considered satisfactory for acceptance testing of commercial shipments because: (1) current estimates of between-laboratory reproducibility are acceptable, (2) the test method has been used extensively in the trade for acceptance testing. In cases of dispute, the statistical bias, if any, between the laboratory of the purchaser and the laboratory of the seller should be determined with each comparison being based on testing randomized specimens from one sample of material. The factor of 0.86 is based upon a measured average of 14 % for the loss of water of crystallization on heating chrysotile asbestos to a temperature of at least 800°C [1470°F]. The calculated asbestos content may be in error if the actual mass loss differs from the 14 % average. If the specimen includes calcium carbonate (CaCO 3), this compound is decomposed at 800°C [1470°F] and higher temperatures. No other carbonates are present in appreciable amounts. If the textile specimen includes carbonates, the loss of mass observed during ignition will include the water of crystallization of the asbestos and carbon dioxide from the carbonates. If the specimen includes both carbonates and organic fiber the loss of mass will include water of crystallization of the asbestos, carbon dioxide from the carbonates, and the combustible part of the organic fibers. Failure to take proper account of these losses will result in lower grading of the material. Asbestos textiles as used in normal applications are not subjected to a temperature where CaCO3 will decompose. Any CaCO3 contained will remain unchanged and as such offers excellent thermal insulation. It is therefore included in the calculation as part of the asbestos content. The mass of the original carbonate and the residual oxide formed on ignition of the carbonate in any specimen can be calculated from the amount of carbon dioxide evolved from a known mass of the specimen. The calculated values are used in the determination of the asbestos content of specimens which include carbonate.1.1 This test method covers the determination of the asbestos content of untreated chrysotile asbestos textile materials which are usually blends of asbestos and organic fibers. This test method is also applicable to treated asbestos textile materials provided the treatment can be completely removed prior to testing. 1.2 This test method is limited to those asbestos textile materials in which asbestos is the only inorganic fiber present, or in which any other inorganic fiber or wire used as reinforcement can be removed prior to testing. 1.3 If carbonates are present, a correction is made for the loss on ignition in the calculation for asbestos content. 1.4 The values stated in either SI units or inch-pound units are to be regarded separately as standard. The values stated in each system may not be exact equivalents; therefore, each system shall be used independently of the other. Combining values from the two systems may result in non-conformance with the standard. 1.5 Warning—Breathing of asbestos dust is hazardous. Asbestos and asbestos products present demonstrated health risks for users and for those with whom they come into contact. In addition to other precautions, when working with asbestos-cement products, minimi......

Standard Test Method for Asbestos Content of Asbestos Textiles

ASTM D2589-88(2006)e1 石棉纤维的麦克涅特湿法分类的标准试验方法

Normally, results obtained by this test method are reproducible under comparable laboratory conditions. However, it must not be expected that results obtained by different operators at various laboratories and times will be in exact agreement due to some seemingly minor procedural change. Moreover, results for longer fiber grades are influenced to a greater extent by differences in fiber length distribution and characteristics than those of shorter grades.1.1 This test method covers the determination of the length distribution and fines content of milled asbestos fiber by wet classification employing the McNett fiber classifier. 1.2 The values stated in SI units are the standard. The inch-pound units shown in parentheses are provided for information only. 1.3 Warning8212;Breathing of asbestos dust is hazardous. Asbestos and asbestos products present demonstrated health risks for users and for those with whom they come into contact. In addition to other precautions, when working with asbestos-cement products, minimize the dust that results. For information on the safe use of chrysotile asbestos, refer to “Safe Use of Chrysotile: A Manual on Preventive and Control Measures.” 1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.

Standard Test Method for McNett Wet Classification of Dual Asbestos Fiber

ASTM D2987-88(2006) 石棉纤维水分含量的标准测试方法

This test method will give a value of moisture content obtained under specified conditions. This value should not be considered as an absolute moisture content. Results may not compare with those obtained by the same method under different conditions, or by different methods.1.1 This test method covers the determination of the moisture content of asbestos fiber.1.2 Breathing of asbestos dust is hazardous. Asbestos and asbestos products present demonstrated health risks for users and for those with whom they come into contact. In addition to other precautions, when working with asbestos-cement products, minimize the dust that results. For information on the safe use of chrysotile asbestos, refer to "Safe Use of Chrysotile: A Manual on Preventive and Control Measures."This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of whoever uses this standard to consult and establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.

Standard Test Method for Moisture Content of Asbestos Fiber

ASTM D2987/D2987M-88(2011)e1 石棉纤维水分含量的标准试验方法

This test method will give a value of moisture content obtained under specified conditions. This value should not be considered as an absolute moisture content. Results may not compare with those obtained by the same method under different conditions, or by different methods.1.1 This test method covers the determination of the moisture content of asbestos fiber. 1.2 Warning8212;Breathing of asbestos dust is hazardous. Asbestos and asbestos products present demonstrated health risks for users and for those with whom they come into contact. In addition to other precautions, when working with asbestos-cement products, minimize the dust that results. For information on the safe use of chrysotile asbestos, refer to “Safe Use of Chrysotile: A Manual on Preventive and Control Measures.” 1.3 The values stated in either SI units or inch-pound units are to be regarded separately as standard. The values stated in each system may not be exact equivalents; therefore, each system shall be used independently of the other. Combining values from the two systems may result in non-conformance with the standard. 1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of whoever uses this standard to consult and establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use. ^REFERENCE: ASTM Standards: D2590 Test Method for Sampling Chrysotile Asbestos D2946 Terminology for Asbestos and Asbestosx02013;Cement Products D3879 Test Method for Sampling Amphibole Asbestos (Withdrawn)

Standard Test Method for Moisture Content of Asbestos Fiber

ASTM D2987-88(2002) 石棉纤维水分含量的标准测试方法

1.1 This test method covers the determination of the moisture content of asbestos fiber. 1.2 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety problems, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of whoever uses this standard to consult and establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.

Standard Test Method for Moisture Content of Asbestos Fiber

ASTM D2589/D2589M-88(2011)e1 石棉纤维的麦克涅特湿法分类的标准试验方法

Normally, results obtained by this test method are reproducible under comparable laboratory conditions. However, it must not be expected that results obtained by different operators at various laboratories and times will be in exact agreement due to some seemingly minor procedural change. Moreover, results for longer fiber grades are influenced to a greater extent by differences in fiber length distribution and characteristics than those of shorter grades.1.1 This test method covers the determination of the length distribution and fines content of milled asbestos fiber by wet classification employing the McNett fiber classifier. 1.2 The values stated in either SI units or inch-pound units are to be regarded separately as standard. The values stated in each system may not be exact equivalents; therefore, each system shall be used independently of the other. Combining values from the two systems may result in non-conformance with the standard. 1.3 Warning8212;Breathing of asbestos dust is hazardous. Asbestos and asbestos products present demonstrated health risks for users and for those with whom they come into contact. In addition to other precautions, when working with asbestos-cement products, minimize the dust that results. For information on the safe use of chrysotile asbestos, refer to “Safe Use of Chrysotile: A Manual on Preventive and Control Measures.” 1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use. ^REFERENCE: ASTM Standards: D2590 Test Method for Sampling Chrysotile Asbestos D2946 Terminology for Asbestos and Asbestosx02013;Cement Products D3639 Test Method for Classification of Asbestos by Quebec Standard Test D3879 Test Method for Sampling Amphibole Asbestos (Withdrawn) E11 Specification for Woven Wire Test Sieve Cloth and Test Sieves E177 Practice for Use of the Terms Precision and Bias in ASTM Test Methods ASTM Adjunct: Screen Clearing Device Drawings

Standard Test Method for McNett Wet Classification of Dual Asbestos Fiber

ASTM D2589-88(2002)e2 石棉纤维的麦克涅特湿法分类的标准试验方法

1.1 This test method covers the determination of the length distribution and fines content of milled asbestos fiber by wet classification employing the McNett fiber classifier.1.2 The values stated in SI units are the standard. The inch-pound units shown in parentheses are provided for information only.1.3 Breathing of asbestos dust is hazardous. Asbestos and asbestos products present demonstrated health risks for users and for those with whom they come into contact. In addition to other precautions, when working with asbestos-cement products, minimize the dust that results. For information on the safe use of chrysotile asbestos, refer to "Safe Use of Chrysotile: A Manual on Preventive and Control Measures."This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.

Standard Test Method for McNett Wet Classification of Dual Asbestos Fiber

ASTM D2589-88(2002)e1 石棉纤维的麦克涅特湿法分类的标准试验方法

1.1 This test method covers the determination of the length distribution and fines content of milled asbestos fiber by wet classification employing the McNett fiber classifier.1.2 The values stated in SI units are the standard. The inch-pound units shown in parentheses are provided for information only.1.3 Breathing of asbestos dust is hazardous. Asbestos and asbestos products present demonstrated health risks for users and for those with whom they come into contact. In addition to other precautions, when working with asbestos-cement products, minimize the dust that results. For information on the safe use of chrysotile asbestos, refer to "Safe Use of Chrysotile: A Manual on Preventive and Control Measures."This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.

Standard Test Method for McNett Wet Classification of Duel Asbestos Fiber

ASTM D2752-88(2006) 石棉纤维透气性的标准试验方法

The degree of fiberization or subdivision of the asbestos fiber bundles in a specimen is related to its resistance to air flow. The number and size of the pores in the specimen are a function of the size of the fiber bundles and determine the resistance to air flow through the plug. Test specimens that have undergone a higher degree of fiberization will yield higher results provided the specimens compared are of similar specific gravities and other properties are not markedly different. These test methods are suitable for specification acceptance, manufacturing control, development, and applied research. It must not be assumed that all test specimens with equal test results have undergone equivalent degrees of fiberization. Some types of asbestos fiberize more readily than others. Particle size distribution and harshness can also influence permeability.1.1 These test methods cover the measurement of the relative degree of openness or degree of fiberization of milled asbestos fiber by air permeability instruments.1.2 Method A is the recommended procedure and describes a determination by means of the Rapid Surface Area apparatus. This test method is limited to fibers with an effective surface area in the range from 10 to 250 dm2/g (490 to 12000 ft2/lb).1.3 Method B is an alternative procedure and covers the use of the Dyckerhoff apparatus. This test method is limited to fibers within the range from 10 to 600 Dyckerhoff seconds.1.4 Only those asbestos specimens which are of similar specific gravities will bear strict comparison by these air permeability methods since differences in density result in specimens being tested under different conditions of porosity.1.5 Samples containing excessive quantities of nonfibrous particles or contaminants will not give reliable or meaningful results.1.6 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as the standard. The inch-pound units in parentheses are provided for information only.1.7 Breathing of asbestos dust is hazardous. Asbestos and asbestos products present demonstrated health risks for users and for those with whom they come into contact. In addition to other precautions, when working with asbestos-cement products, minimize the dust that results. For information on the safe use of chrysotile asbestos, refer to "Safe Use of Chrysotile: A Manual on Preventive and Control Measures."This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.

Standard Test Methods for Air Permeability of Asbestos Fibers

ASTM D2987-88(2002)e1 石棉纤维水分含量的标准测试方法

1.1 This test method covers the determination of the moisture content of asbestos fiber.1.2 Breathing of asbestos dust is hazardous. Asbestos and asbestos products present demonstrated health risks for users and for those with whom they come into contact. In addition to other precautions, when working with asbestos-cement products, minimize the dust that results. For information on the safe use of chrysotile asbestos, refer to "Safe Use of Chrysotile: A Manual on Preventive and Control Measures."1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of whoever uses this standard to consult and establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.

Standard Test Method for Moisture Content of Asbestos Fiber

ASTM D2589-88(2006) 石棉纤维的麦克涅特湿法分类的标准试验方法

Normally, results obtained by this test method are reproducible under comparable laboratory conditions. However, it must not be expected that results obtained by different operators at various laboratories and times will be in exact agreement due to some seemingly minor procedural change. Moreover, results for longer fiber grades are influenced to a greater extent by differences in fiber length distribution and characteristics than those of shorter grades.1.1 This test method covers the determination of the length distribution and fines content of milled asbestos fiber by wet classification employing the McNett fiber classifier.1.2 The values stated in SI units are the standard. The inch-pound units shown in parentheses are provided for information only.1.3 Breathing of asbestos dust is hazardous. Asbestos and asbestos products present demonstrated health risks for users and for those with whom they come into contact. In addition to other precautions, when working with asbestos-cement products, minimize the dust that results. For information on the safe use of chrysotile asbestos, refer to "Safe Use of Chrysotile: A Manual on Preventive and Control Measures."This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.

Standard Test Method for McNett Wet Classification of Dual Asbestos Fiber

ASTM D2752/D2752M-88(2011)e1 石棉纤维透气性的标准试验方法

The degree of fiberization or subdivision of the asbestos fiber bundles in a specimen is related to its resistance to air flow. The number and size of the pores in the specimen are a function of the size of the fiber bundles and determine the resistance to air flow through the plug. Test specimens that have undergone a higher degree of fiberization will yield higher results provided the specimens compared are of similar specific gravities and other properties are not markedly different. These test methods are suitable for specification acceptance, manufacturing control, development, and applied research. It must not be assumed that all test specimens with equal test results have undergone equivalent degrees of fiberization. Some types of asbestos fiberize more readily than others. Particle size distribution and harshness can also influence permeability.1.1 These test methods cover the measurement of the relative degree of openness or degree of fiberization of milled asbestos fiber by air permeability instruments. 1.2 Method A is the recommended procedure and describes a determination by means of the Rapid Surface Area apparatus. This test method is limited to fibers with an effective surface area in the range from 10 to 250 dm2/g [490 to 12 000 ft2/lb]. 1.3 Method B is an alternative procedure and covers the use of the Dyckerhoff apparatus. This test method is limited to fibers within the range from 10 to 600 Dyckerhoff seconds. 1.4 Only those asbestos specimens which are of similar specific gravities will bear strict comparison by these air permeability methods since differences in density result in specimens being tested under different conditions of porosity. 1.5 Samples containing excessive quantities of nonfibrous particles or contaminants will not give reliable or meaningful results. 1.6 The values stated in either SI units or inch-pound units are to be regarded separately as standard. The values stated in each system may not be exact equivalents; therefore, each system shall be used independently of the other. Combining values from the two systems may result in non-conformance with the standard. 1.7 Warning8212;Breathing of asbestos dust is hazardous. Asbestos and asbestos products present demonstrated health risks for users and for those with whom they come into contact. In addition to other precautions, when working with asbestos-cement products, minimize the dust that results. For information on the safe use of chrysotile asbestos, refer to “Safe Use of Chrysotile: A Manual on Preventive and Control Measures.” 1.8 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use. ^REFERENCE: ASTM Standards: D2590 Test Method for Sampling Chrysotile Asbestos D3879 Test Method for Sampling Amphibole Asbestos (Withdrawn) E11 Specification for Woven Wire Test Sieve Cloth and Test Sieves E177 Practice for Use of the Terms Precision and Bias in ASTM Test Methods Other Standard: NNN-P-1475B Federal Specification for Paper, Filter, Ana......

Standard Test Methods for Air Permeability of Asbestos Fibers

ASTM D2752-88(2002) 石棉纤维透气性的标准试验方法

1.1 These test methods cover the measurement of the relative degree of openness or degree of fiberization of milled asbestos fiber by air permeability instruments.1.2 Method A is the recommended procedure and describes a determination by means of the Rapid Surface Area apparatus. This test method is limited to fibers with an effective surface area in the range from 10 to 250 dm2/g (490 to 12 000 ft2/lb).1.3 Method B is an alternative procedure and covers the use of the Dyckerhoff apparatus. This test method is limited to fibers within the range from 10 to 600 Dyckerhoff seconds.1.4 Only those asbestos specimens which are of similar specific gravities will bear strict comparison by these air permeability methods since differences in density result in specimens being tested under different conditions of porosity.1.5 Samples containing excessive quantities of nonfibrous particles or contaminants will not give reliable or meaningful results.1.6 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as the standard. The inch-pound units in parentheses are provided for information only.1.7 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.

Standard Test Methods for Air Permeability of Asbestos Fibers

ASTM D2752-88(2002)e1 石棉纤维透气性的标准试验方法

1.1 These test methods cover the measurement of the relative degree of openness or degree of fiberization of milled asbestos fiber by air permeability instruments.1.2 Method A is the recommended procedure and describes a determination by means of the Rapid Surface Area apparatus. This test method is limited to fibers with an effective surface area in the range from 10 to 250 dm2/g (490 to 12000 ft2/lb).1.3 Method B is an alternative procedure and covers the use of the Dyckerhoff apparatus. This test method is limited to fibers within the range from 10 to 600 Dyckerhoff seconds.1.4 Only those asbestos specimens which are of similar specific gravities will bear strict comparison by these air permeability methods since differences in density result in specimens being tested under different conditions of porosity.1.5 Samples containing excessive quantities of nonfibrous particles or contaminants will not give reliable or meaningful results.1.6 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as the standard. The inch-pound units in parentheses are provided for information only.1.7 Breathing of asbestos dust is hazardous. Asbestos and asbestos products present demonstrated health risks for users and for those with whom they come into contact. In addition to other precautions, when working with asbestos-cement products, minimize the dust that results. For information on the safe use of chrysotile asbestos, refer to "Safe Use of Chrysotile: A Manual on Preventive and Control Measures."1.8 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.

Standard Test Methods for Air Permeability of Asbestos Fibers